Supporting the lifestyle with health promotion has been the issue mentioned by international health organizations. Medical technology has been promoted, while the problem of chronic diseases still could not be broken through. To have healthy body and mind, healthy lifestyles should be first practiced. The exact practice of health promotion would reduce the occurrence of chronic diseases as well as health care expenses for diseases. It is therefore worth of deep research on proper health literacy for the exact practice of more positive health behaviors. Aiming at people in Shanghai as the research objects, total 500 copies of questionnaire are distributed, and 382 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 76%. The research results show 1. positive and significant effects of health literacy on health promotion behavior, 2. positive and remarkable effects of health promotion behavior on medical ecology resource utilization, and 3. positive effects of health literacy on medical ecology resource utilization. Finally, suggestions are proposed, according to the results, expecting to help people follow health promotion behaviors to maintain or improve the health status, reduce unnecessary medical ecology resource utilization, and promote the quality of life.